内容来源：OpenScience

跨文化下的情景因素如何塑造道德判断

道德判断不仅是多个学科领域共同关注的话题，也与普通人的生活息息相关。但先前关于道德判断的主流研究大部分来自西方社会，许多研究问题直接来源于西方哲学中的经典争论。互联网使得大规模合作以及研究文化与情境对道德判断的影响成为可能。心理研究者通过互联网形成了全球合作网络——心理科学加速器（Psychological Science Accelerator, PSA，见OpenTalks #4的介绍）。通过这个合作网络，研究者可以与全世界的同行一起进行数据收集，并采用大样本来检验重要的研究问题。PSA的第六个项目（PSA006）在全世界范围内研究道德判断中文化和情境因素的影响，并于2022年4月在Nature Human Behavior上发文(doi: s41562-022-01319-5)。本期报告中，我们邀请该论文的第一作者Dr. Bence Bago，为我们介绍该项目的情况。

报告信息

题目：Situational factors shape moral judgements in the trolley dilemma in Eastern, Southern and Western countries in a culturally diverse sample

报告语言：英文

分享嘉宾：Bence Bago Institute for Advanced Study in Toulouse

Bence Bago is a research fellow at the Institute for Advanced Study in Toulouse (France), interested in the study of reasoning, belief formation and their pitfalls.

摘要

The study of moral judgements often centres on moral dilemmas in which options consistent with deontological perspectives (that is, emphasizing rules, individual rights and duties) are in conflict with options consistent with utilitarian judgements (that is, following the greater good based on consequences). Greene et al. (2009) showed that psychological and situational factors (for example, the intent of the agent or the presence of physical contact between the agent and the victim) can play an important role in moral dilemma judgements (for example, the trolley problem). Our knowledge is limited concerning both the universality of these effects outside the United States and the impact of culture on the situationaland psychological factors affecting moral judgements. Thus, we empirically tested the universality of the effects of intent and personal force on moral dilemma judgements by replicating the experiments of Greene et al. in 45countries from all inhabited continents. We found that personal force and its interaction with intention exert influence on moral judgements in the US and western cultural clusters, replicating and expanding the original findings. Moreover, the personal force effect was present in all cultural clusters, suggesting it is culturally universal. The evidence for the cultural universality of the interaction effect was inconclusive in the Eastern and Southern cultural clusters (depending on exclusion criteria). We found no strong association between collectivism/ individualism and moral dilemma judgements.

时间

北京时间[GMT+8] 6月2日(周四) 20:00~20:50
欧洲中部时间[CEST] 6月2日(周四) 14:00~14:50
美国东部时间[EST] 6月2日(周四) 08:00~08:50

zoom信息

Meeting ID: 9139 4010 836

报告流程：报告40分钟，提问10分钟

主持人：胡传鹏（博士） 南京师范大学心理学院

其它：本次线上报告录屏会在结束后上传于B站:COSN_live https://space.bilibili.com/252509184

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组织团队(按名字首字母倒序排列)

OpenScience学术策划小组

张晗(博士), A*STAR, Singapore

张磊 (博士), University of Vienna, Austria

楊毓芳(博士), Freie Universität Berlin, Germany

杨金骉, MPI Psycholinguistics, the Netherlands

肖钦予, University of Vienna, Austria

王鑫迪(博士), 北京慧脑云

王庆(博士), Montreal Neurological Institute, Canada

金淑娴, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands

金海洋(博士), New York University Abu Dhabi, UAE

胡传鹏(博士), 南京师范大学

葛鉴桥 (博士), 北京大学

高梦宇(博士), 北京师范大学

耿海洋(博士), 香港大学

陈妍秀(博士), 中科院心理所

陈骥(博士), 浙江大学

NeuroChat团队

张文昊(UT Southwestern Medical Center, USA)

张洳源(上海交通大学)

张磊(University of Vienna, AUT)

应浩江(苏州大学)

徐婷(Child Mind Institute, USA)

王鑫迪(北京慧脑云)

滕相斌(MPI for Human Development, DEU)

鲁彬（中国科学院心理研究所）

孔祥祯(浙江大学)

胡传鹏(南京师范大学)

邸新(New Jersey Institute of Technology, USA)